Despite some Regions are  moving,  with the help of truffle hunters' associations, on the front of the defense and of the amelioration of the  truffle's ecosystems, we see  a progressional as inexorable impoverishment of the natural truffle beds. Manifold  the makers that have favored and they favor this process still. The phenomenon has been beginning in the years 60'-70' with the exodus of bulk of the rural populations with the adjunct abandonment of those earths as said marginal localized for the more in hill and in the low mountain where the truffle  finds his big diffusion. Paralley an agriculture of industrial type, supported  with mechanical means  always bigger and powerful,  has contributed to distort the agricultural environment, in peculiar with the systematic elimination of trees individual or in rows, that constituted of the main point and characteristics natural truffle beds. Beyond to this also other operas like the reclamations, the construction of dikes etc., they have caused similar results. Since the years 90 besides,  has increased the territory in considerable manner destined to the protection of the wild kinds, national and regional parks, oasis of protection, reserves natural etc. they have caused an exaggerated increase of greedy animals of truffles which the hedgehog, the badger and above all the wild boar which not  only  subtracts the product to the truffle hunter and then to the market, but in his search damages the truffle bed always and often destroys it in irreparable way. In the last years, like if it doesn't suffice, is been ascertained an other likewise alarming phenomenon: the climatic changes with an evident increase of the temperatures averages accompanied from periods strongly dry with adjunct expressive loss of product.
Is possible to get  round to all that only with the  truffle farming. Italy  being the first country producer of truffles to the world, and almost unique producer of white truffle, it is in this subject  the tail end; countries like France and the same Spain that they have traditions about truffle very more recent, are in front of us. In France  the 80-85% of the product introduced in the market arises from cultivations. This subject,  not new, must be considerated, in fact I believe is of big help to guarantee of the good quantity of product in the future years. The truffles are mushrooms ( that live below the soil)  that need of a partner (almost always of a plant superior or plant - mother), so for their cultivation will be essential to plant a tree in advanced mycorrhized This subject in our country, not clearly orderly from the lawgiver has been darkened from companys producers of plants, that without so much punctiliousness taking advantage of the good faith and also of the ignorance of some buyers has done to put material abode few and bad mycorrhized, in premise not fit and even to exorbitant costs. from here were emanated some failures, to front but also of as many successes some of which also amazing. We are speaking chiefly of the cultivation of the black truffle:  (T. melanosporum, T. aestivum, T. brumale and breed moscatum, t. albidum). To example, in the recent season 2002/ 2003 number two plants of Turkey oak of the age of years eleven mycorrhized with T. melanosporum has caused the beauty of 9 Kg of truffle of excellent sizes too the Valtiberina Tuscany Sansepolcro, (Arezzo). Always in the same Province, but in Common of Badia Tedalda, a truffle bed  with surface around meters quadrate 2000  has produced 18 Kg of T. brumale in the same season. In Abruzzo an other truffle bed  of 3000 quadrate meters around has produced 108 kg of T. melanosporum with truffles of exceptional bulk with sizes above the kg. In Province from Aquila a truffle bed of number 100 plants put to abode thirteen years ago, the past year has entered production of it  number 97. These is some examples of a rational  truffle farming, surely performed in premise fit, with the kind of adequate truffle, using plants much well  mycorrhized exempt from mushrooms antagonists polluting. In the season 2003/2004 maybe the most deleterious of the  complete  50 years we had understood that the few truffles of black valuable introduced in the market originates all from cultivations and in peculiar from those gifted of plant of irrigation. We must  remember like in the natural truffle beds the irrigation, to part sporadic cases result of difficult application, in those cultivated represent a kind of condicio sine qua non.We say that as above exposed it finds difficult application for the white truffle: this truffle, has very distinctive ecological of the demands, improbabily reproducible artificially his spores besides they germinate with difficulty and the caused mycorrhiza, thick paradoxically result referable  to forms of  T. albidum from the examination of the DNA, all makers these that they do to the moment retain few convenient and risky his cultivation, even if comparing some successes. But they are few and maybe tied to the chance that to a real technique of cultivation exstensible in wide staircase.